Argumentation notes from today

Any generalization must be backed up by at least 2 real facts. For every rule there is always an exception. Here we will state some exceptions.

Arguments by Analogy:
You connect from one example to another: y------x From those examples you draw a point which must also be connect to those examples.

President Barack Obama will give the Medal of Honor to an Iowa soldier for conspicuous gallantry during combat in Afghanistan is like Betty Crocker receiving the award for virtue by Lady Gaga. It's just not comparable. The person giving the award in this case is nearly the complete opposite of the award and so it doesn't make sense that they are giving it out.

Chief of the Indian Chippewa tribe, Adam Nordwall, claimed Italy for the Indian people. The intrepid explorer, in full Indian dress, stood on the tarmac of Fiumicino Airport and took possession of Italy ‘by right of discovery.' He said compared it to Christopher Columbus's discovery of America. It had already been possessed by people, but he still claimed to have discovered it.

The word 'like' is the key word in arguments by analogies.

1) Arguments by Analogies makes a claim about the example used as an analogy.
2) It also claims that the example in the first premise is like the example by which the argument draws its conclusion. Hence, the example must be true.

An analogy requires relevant similar examples
They must fit within each other. They don't need to be exact, but similar.

Teleology argument - the end proves the means and/or the beginning or maker/creator.

Creation proves that there is a God and that He is powerful. A beautiful house proves that there was a good builder and designer.