Logic notes from yesterday

Critical Thinking/ Constructive Reasoning:

An Argument: a set of reasonings to support a reason. You can use constructive reasoning to attack certain views with reason, or it can be done to make a decision.

Logic can be flawed, but everything has logic. Logic can be self-defeating. Logic is whether you want it or not. It is used to figure things out, or it can be a means of inquiry.

We can use arguments to explain and defend the conclusion that we come to upon reason. You start with your conclusion and back up from there.

Differences between assertions and arguments:

Assertion - it is a theory or hypothesis that is just thrown out there. They have no support or reason backing it up. This often leads to a circular argument if you're arguing with someone who has an assertion.

Argument - there are reason and you put them in order. You must consider the objections. You shouldn't be including any more than you give reason for. Another thing is you must see where your opponents are going and cut them off.

Many assertions are based upon emotion, feeling, or experience.

Arguing is looking for objective reasons and beyond experiences. The facts are what they are and emotions cannot change it.

Composing and Assessing Short Arguments:

If you master small arguments it won't be a huge leap to advance to bigger ones. Critical Thinking really isn't well taught anymore.

Smaller Arguments:

1) They are more common and well-known

2) Elaborations of the short arguments are the longer ones.

3) They are the best illustration and form of everyday mistakes.

You must identify all the premises (reasons) and conclusions.

Ask yourself what your conclusions is.